The current guidelines put out by the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) include either aerobic or anaerobic exercise. Thus, increasing energy expenditure can help reduce excess adipose tissue and obesity. Two methods exist that can effectively decrease adipose tissue and include:Įnergy expenditure modification (i.e., exercise) Reducing adipose tissue is one of the ways to reduce weight in individuals with obesity, and is necessary to mitigate negative cardio-metabolic co-morbidities in obesity. Researchers posit that this inflammation is stimulated by the excess adipose tissue, which has consistently shown to play a role as an active endocrine organ. Although short-term inflammation is beneficial to initiate an immune response, chronically elevated levels of inflammation exhaust the immune system and contribute to immune dysfunction.

Chronic low-grade inflammation associated with obesity is hypothesized to have associations with adverse cardio-metabolic side effects. Obesity correlates with an individual’s increased risk of cancers, stroke, metabolic disease, heart failure, and other cardiovascular conditions, highlighting the need to reduce the incidence and prevalence of obesity. Individuals in the BMI range of 25 to 30 kg/m2 are categorized as overweight while a BMI of 40 kg/m2 and above is regarded as morbid obesity.

Obesity is an excessive fat accumulation in adipose tissues and is defined by a body mass index (BMI) of 30 kg/m2 and above. This review will cover the role of exercise in obesity and fitness. Researchers have proposed that exercise is an important lifestyle measure to maintain a healthy weight. It correlates with cardio-metabolic comorbidities that can decrease the quality of life. Obesity represents a significant public health concern with one-third of adults classified as living with obesity in the United States.

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